Aortocaval Fistula Presenting with Hematuria and Renal Failure

We present a case of a fistula involving the inferior vena cava and an abdominal aortic aneurysm, associated with hematuria and renal failure and which proved fatal. A clinical diagnosis is sometimes difficult because the classic diagnostic signs (pulsatile abdominal mass with bruit, high-output heart failure and low back pain) may be absent in many cases. Nowadays a contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography scan is usually sufficient to diagnose this pathology.

Keywords: Arteriovenous fistula, Kidney failure, Hematuria, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal